The article presents the scientific research results for 2023 on studying the influence of mineral nutrition on the development of legume-grass mixtures of the first year of use under three-mown use. The research method implied conducting a field experiment on drained, medium-cultivated, sod-podzolic, medium loamy soil.
Legume-grass mixtures included double-crop red clover, variegated alfalfa, reed fescue, and meadow timothy. At the beginning of grass vegetation for fertilization, we used diammophoska, enriched superphosphate and potassium chloride were used. After the first and second cutting, ammonium nitrate. The aim of the research is to study the development and productivity of legume-grass mixtures based on clover at different levels of mineral nutrition. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time in the conditions of the region, we studied the productivity, nutrition, botanical composition and height of leguminous-grass herbage mixtures under three-cutting use depending on the types and doses of mineral fertilizers. As a result, we found that the application of mineral nitrogen influenced the increase in the height of cereal grasses and their content in the crop, did not affect the productivity and nutritional value of legume-grass grass mixtures. Grass mixtures of the 1st year of use provided a high yield of 8.9–9.9 t/ha of dry matter and nutritive value of the obtained plant raw material regardless of the doses of applied fertilizers. At the complex estimation on productive indices, we noted the tendency of advantage of grass mixture of variant 12 with mineral nitrogen application in the spring and after the first and second mowing. It exceeded the control (variant 8) on dry matter yield by 6.5%, on protein collection by 5.8%. The development is intended for agricultural enterprises of all forms of ownership in the European North of the Russian Federation
Keywords
Legume-grass mixtures, meadow clover, reed fescue, three harvests, mineral nitrogen, productivity